COVID-19 findings in chest computed tomography

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe chest computed tomography image findings in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: The chest computed tomography scans of 453 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were collected at two tertiary care Brazilian hospitals. Demographics and clinical data were extracted from the electronic record medical system. RESULTS: The main chest computed tomography findings were ground-glass opacities (92.5%), consolidation (79.2%), crazy-paving pattern (23.9%), parenchymal bands (50%), septal thickening (43.5%), and inverted halo sign (3.5%). Of the 453 hospitalized patients, 136 (30%) died. In this group, ground-glass opacities (94.1%), consolidation (89.7%), septal thickening (58.1%), crazy-paving pattern (52.2%), and parenchymal bands (39.7%) were the most common imaging findings. CONCLUSIONS: In a dynamic disease with a broad clinical spectrum such as COVID-19, radiologists can cooperate in a better patient management. On wisely indicated chest computed tomography scans, the fast identification of poor prognosis findings could advise patient management through hospital care facilities and clinical team decisions.

COVID-19 findings in chest computed tomography.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe chest computed tomography image findings in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: The chest computed tomography scans of 453 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were collected at two tertiary care Brazilian hospitals. Demographics and clinical data were extracted from the electronic record medical system. RESULTS: The main chest computed tomography findings were ground-glass opacities (92.5%), consolidation (79.2%), crazy-paving pattern (23.9%), parenchymal bands (50%), septal thickening (43.5%), and inverted halo sign (3.5%). Of the 453 hospitalized patients, 136 (30%) died. In this group, ground-glass opacities (94.1%), consolidation (89.7%), septal thickening (58.1%), crazy-paving pattern (52.2%), and parenchymal bands (39.7%) were the most common imaging findings. CONCLUSIONS: In a dynamic disease with a broad clinical spectrum such as COVID-19, radiologists can cooperate in a better patient management. On wisely indicated chest computed tomography scans, the fast identification of poor prognosis findings could advise patient management through hospital care facilities and clinical team decisions.

New Insights on Pulmonary Paracoccidioidomycosis.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is one of the most relevant systemic endemic mycoses in Latin American countries, especially in South American countries, with endemic and hyperendemic areas. The real burden of PCM may be underestimated because of a lack of compulsory case notification. Recent phylogenetic data revealed that Paracoccidioides brasiliensis comprises several cryptic species including P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii. However, the genetic biodiversity of Paracoccidioides does not affect the clinical manifestations or therapeutic response to therapy. Lung involvement is a common finding, especially in patients experiencing the chronic form of the disease, and, because of its similarities with tuberculosis, clinicians must be alert to the possibility of PCM in patients with chronic respiratory manifestations and epidemiological risk factors for this fungal disease.

Aplasia ou hipoplasia do nervo vestíbulo-coclear em uma criança com surdez sensório-neural / Aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve in a infant with sensorineural hearing loss

Introdução: A aplasia ou hipoplasia do nervo vestíbulo-coclear é uma das causas de perda auditiva sensório-neural e de surdez congênita. Este diagnóstico é importante no pré-operatório dos candidatos à cirurgia do implante coclear, tornando-se uma das contra-indicações do procedimento, sendo então indicado o implante no tronco cerebral. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de perda auditiva sensório-neural com diagnóstico etiológico definido. Relato do Caso: Apresentamos o caso de uma criança do sexo feminino, raça branca, 11 anos de idade em que a queixa da família é desatenção e dislalia, parecendo apresentar audição flutuante. O exame audiométrico mostrou restos auditivos na orelha esquerda e disacusia sensório-neural moderada nas freqüências altas na orelha direita. A Tomografia Computadorizada dos Ossos Temporais mostrou aparente atresia ou redução significativa da amplitude do forame coclear no lado esquerdo e forame coclear direito normal. A Ressonância Nuclear Magnética do Crânio evidenciou o oitavo nervo craniano esquerdo com calibre menor que o direito e a divisão coclear não foi identificada. Discussão: Nas crianças com perda auditiva sensório-neural é importante se tentar fazer o diagnóstico etiológico porque as condutas podem ser diferentes quando se trata de uma malformação. Comentários finais: Esta apresentação se deve ao fato de se ter um diagnóstico de uma entidade rara na perda auditiva sensórioneural, que poderia ser concluída como uma perda idiopática e ressalta a importância da indicação tanto da Tomografia Computadorizada quanto da Ressonância Magnética nos casos de perdas auditivas sensório-neural.

Introduction: The aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve is one of the causes of sensorineural and congenital hearing loss. Their diagnosis is important to candidates for cochlear implant, for being a contraindication for such procedure, by this matter they are suitable for the brainstem implant. Objetive: To present a case of sensorineural hearing loss with definite ethiologic diagnosis. Case Report: A 11-year-old female patient, Caucasian, whose family complained of her being disattention and dyslalia, by apparently presenting floating hearing. The audiometry presented lack of hearing in the left ear and moderate sensorineural hearing loss in high frequencies in the right ear. CT of the Temporal Bone showed aparent atresia or significant stenosis of the left cochlear foramen and normal right cochlear foramen. The MRI demonstrated that the left eighth cranial nerve had smaller caliber than the right one and cochlear division was not identified. Discussion: It is important to find etiology in children with sensorineural hearing loss, once procedures might differ when regarding malformation. Conclusion: The objective of this presentation comes to the fact of a rare diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, that somehow could be concluded as an idiopathic hearing loss and also it reassures the importance of CT and MRI exam for sensorineural hearing loss.